Access to human tissues for research and product development
نویسندگان
چکیده
H uman organs and tissues differ in regard to their clinical and research uses and the regulatory legislation controlling their use. Organs such as livers and hearts are usually taken from donors who are brain-dead; in addition, kidneys can also come from live volunteers. Organs decay rapidly and need to be transplanted quickly. Surgeons and coordination teams in transplantation centres control the procurement, while dedicated national and international organisations facilitate their allocation. Human tissues such as bone, skin and heart valves are usually removed from cadavers in hospitals, morgues or even funeral homes and, unlike organs, can be stored—sometimes for years—in tissue banks. These tissues can be used in numerous recipients as and when they are needed. In the early days of human tissue banking, not-for-profit banks, mostly located in hospitals, dominated the field. The tissues they stored—heart valves and skin, for example—saved many lives.
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